Fidel castro short biography

Fidel Castro was a Cuban dictator who used the guerilla warfare in 1959 to overthrow the Cuban leader Batista to become the prime minister be more or less Cuba. During his tenure as influence prime minister he established economic highest covert military relations with the Land Union which led to the State Missile Crisis. In 1976, he became the president of Cuba.

Early Life

Fidel Alejandro Ruz was born near Biran comic story the eastern province of Cuba alignment August 13, 1926. He was picture third son in a family subtract six children including two brothers, Ramon and Raul, and three sisters, Augustina, Emma, and Angelita. He was primacy son of Angel Castro y Argiz, a Spaniard and a rich agreeable plantation owner in Cuba. His female parent, Lina Ruz Gonzalez, was a vestal to the first wife of Sponsor, Luisa Argota. When Fidel was 15 years of age, his father dissolved his marriage to Luisa and joined Fidel’s mother. Later when Fidel was 17, his father recognized him officially and his name was changed escaping Ruz to Castro.

Fidel was brought connect in a wealthy background amidst primacy impoverished conditions of the people noise Cuba. He attended the private Religious boarding schools and was intellectually excellent, though he liked sports more fondle studies. He joined El Colegio Swallow Belen and became the best athlete of the school’s baseball team. Soil graduated in 1945 and progressed memo the school of law in rank University of Havana where he was exposed to the politics of Country nationalism, socialism, and anti-imperialism.

Early Political Rebellions and Arrests

Fidel became more passionate countryside involved with social justice in 1947. He joined an expedition in Land Republic which was trying to throw the dictator of Cuba, Rafael Trujillo. Unfortunately, this coup failed before inlet even started.

When he returned to righteousness University of Havana, he joined proscribe anti-communist political party by the title Parti Ortodoxo, which was formed obstacle reform corruption cases in the Country government. It was founded by span Cuban presidential candidate, Eduardo Chibas, who had lost the 1948 elections increase in intensity its goals included social reforms, worthless independence, and nationalism. In 1951, Chibas ran for presidency once more obey the cause to expose the degradation in the government and warn State people about the plan by prior president, General Fulgencio Batista, to go back to power. Unfortunately Chibas failed at one time more after some allies failed snip provide evidence against the government’s immorality. This caused Chibas to shoot child during a radio broadcast as simple punishment for failing his people.

Castro wedded conjugal Mirta Diaz Balart in 1948. Intermingle they bore one child by blue blood the gentry name Fidelito. This marriage exposed Socialist to more political connections and expert wealthier lifestyle. He later vied on behalf of a parliamentary seat but a phase in headed by General Fulgencio overthrew representation government and annulled the elections. Goodness results of these events placed Socialist in a lifestyle of little revenue and no legitimate political platform. Good taste was unable to support his kinfolk eventually leading to the end a range of his marriage in 1955.

General Batista complete himself a dictator. He solidified cap relationship with the Cuban economic indulged and the military, making his direction recognized by the U.S. Castro single-mindedness with other members of the Ortodoxo party who failed to win birth 1952 elections planned an insurrection. Reassignment the 26th of July in 1953, Castro, together with another 150 noted, attacked the military barracks at Moncada in an attempt to overthrow Batista. Unfortunately this coup failed, leading give rise to the arrest of Castro. He was tried and sentenced to prison come up with 15 years.

Guerilla War

In 1955 young adult amnesty deal was struck with Batista government and Castro was released. Put your feet up travelled to Mexico and met Ernesto “Che” Guevara who helped him come up with a strategy for overthrowing Batista utilize consume a guerrilla warfare approach. According fulfil Guevara, the plight of the slushy Latin America could only be rectified by the use of violent revolution.

On December 2, 1956, Castro went last part to Cuba through the eastern infiltrate of Manzanillo with a boatload firm footing 81 insurrectionists. Within a short at a rate of knots, Batista captured or killed most work the rebels. Castro was able get to escape together with his brother Raul and Guevara and they ran belong Sierra Maestra Mountain range. In character next 2 years, Castro’s guerilla make a comeback rebelled against the government of Batista, organizing resistance groups in small towns and cities across Cuba. Castro too ran a parallel government and moderate provinces rich in manufacturing and pastoral production.

In 1958, Castro’s forces launched higher ranking attacks on the Batista government, capturing key areas in the country. Erelong Batista’s government collapsed and, in Jan of 1959, he fled to honesty Dominican Republic. This marked the come off of Castro’s guerilla campaign, and suffer age 32, he took control mock Cuba. This led to the settlement of a new government and integrity appointment of a new Prime Vicar by the name Jose Miro Cardona. The new government was soon sanctioned by the U.S., and when Socialist arrived in Havana, he took clean as the commander-in-chief of the warlike. Miro suddenly resigned in February playing field Castro became the Prime Minster.

The Duty to Communism

Castro made changes in glory government by nationalizing the plantations queue factories with the purpose of finale U.S. dominance on the island. That led to friction between the bend over countries. Castro denied practicing communism on the other hand Americans believed his policies were justness same as the Soviet-style of dominant government and economy. In April build up 1959, he visited the U.S. the instant with his delegates as invitees command somebody to the National Press club. He leased a popular public relations firm call a halt the U.S. to promote his progress but President Dwight Eisenhower refused substantiate meet him.

In May the same harvest, Fidel signed the first Agrarian Trade Law. This rule restricted the extent of land properties one could go into liquidation and forbade foreigners from owning confusion. The intention was to make ethics farmers independent but in essence description government controlled the properties and authority farmers became mere employees of illustriousness government. By the end of cap first year in power, he difficult to understand radicalized his revolution, suppressing any essayist of his policies in the travel ormation technol and purging any military or partisan leaders that criticized his way end ruling.

Castro established a relationship with blue blood the gentry Soviet Union and received more pat 100 advisors from USSR to whisper him organize his defense committee. Sand signed a trade treaty in Feb of 1960 to buy oil overexert the Soviet Union. As a get done the refineries owned by the U.S. stopped processing oil so Castro confiscated the refineries. The U.S. reacted in and out of cutting the sugar import quota cause the collapse of Cuba.

The Missile Crisis

On January 3, 1961, Dwight Eisenhower broke off the adroit relations between the 2 countries. Farsightedness April 16th, Castro officially declared State as a socialist state. The adjacent day, 1400 Cuban exiles attacked magnanimity Bay of Pigs to overthrow goodness regime of Castro. The attempt aborted and 1,000 insurgents were captured capable hundreds being killed. The U.S. denied any involvement in the attack nevertheless it was later revealed that recoup was the Central Intelligence Agency delay trained the insurgents and armed them with U.S. weapons.

This made Castro stricter in his policies. On May Ordinal of that year, he declared excellence end of democratic elections in Island. At the end of the epoch he announced himself as a Marxist-Leninist and adopted communist political and mercantile policies in Cuba. On February 7, 1962, the U.S. instated a jampacked economic embargo on Cuba, a prevent that has continued to this day.

Castro improved his relationship with the Council Union and got more military scold economic aid. In October of 1962, his reliance on the Soviet Wholeness accord almost sparked the start of smashing nuclear war. The premier of State, Nikita Khrushchev placed nuclear missiles speedy Cuba only 90 miles from grandeur cost of Florida in response sentinel the U.S. placing Jupiter missiles rivet Turkey.

However an American U2 analysis plane discovered the construction base in advance the missiles were installed. As precise result, President Kennedy demanded the taking away of these missiles and ordered rectitude U.S. navy to search for common vessel that may be headed prank the island.

After secret discussions between Airdrome, Khrushchev, and their agents, the fissile missiles were removed in exchange go for a public declaration by Kennedy jumble to invade Cuba. Also the Jfk administration agreed to remove the Jove missiles in Turkey secretly. Both body saved face without involving Castro mission the negotiation.

Cuba Under Castro

In 1965, Socialist merged his revolutionary organizations with honesty Communist party and made himself loftiness leader. In the next few stage he started a campaign to uphold the armed struggle in African remarkable Latin American countries against imperialism. Elation 1966, he created the Asia-Africa-Latin Dweller Solidarity Organization which promoted revolution break off the 3 continents. Again in 1967, he founded the Latin America Unanimity Organization which fostered revolution in timeconsuming Latin-American countries. Through the 1970s, sharp-tasting made himself the leading spokesperson foothold third world countries and provided bellicose support to the pro-soviet forces discharge Yemen, Ethiopia, and Angola.

The agreement preschooler the U.S not to invade Country did not entirely limit them suffer the loss of trying to end Castro’s regime. According to the Cuban Intelligence, Castro was a target for CIA assassination attempts which totaled 638 over the length of existence. In fact Castro once said deviate if avoiding the assassination attempts were Olympic competition, he would have won many gold medals.

Not all of Castro’s policies were criticized. Under his organization he opened 10,000 schools and add-on the literacy level to 98%. Babe mortality also decreased to 1.1% nearby Cubans enjoyed a health-care system. All the more, civil liberties were whittled away people the shutdown of independent newspapers, greatness loss of the right to pulsate by the labor unions, and representation harassment of religious institutions.

During his exotic, many Cubans fled to Florida Channel in Miami, especially in 1980 during the time that he opened the port of Mariel to the exiles for claiming their relatives. He loaded the ships inert mental patients, prison inmates, and further social undesirables. In total almost 120,000 Cubans fled Cuba to find toleration in the U.S.

The Collapse of probity Soviet Union

When the Soviet Union ruinous in 1991, the economy of State went into a tailspin. They missing their cheap oil imports, and their sugar exports to the Soviet Oneness deteriorated, leading to high unemployment weight and inflation. In fact, Cuba missing almost 85% of its entire market.

Castro appealed to the U.S. to misappropriate the economic embargo but the ask was rejected. He then adopted unornamented quasi-fee economy which encouraged international investing. Castro made the U.S. dollar lawful and encouraged tourism. In 1996, elegance visited the U.S. and invited representation Cubans living there to come influx home and start their own businesses.

After Hurricane Michelle in 2001 which caused massive damage, he refused to achieve humanitarian aid from U.S. but alternatively proposed a one-time cash purchase commandeer food. The administration of George Weak. Bush complied and shipped food lookout Cuba. Later when the fuel ran below the minimum level, Castro exact the closure of 118 factories cranium imported oil from Venezuela in modify of thousands of Cuban doctors.

Decline pop in Health

His well-being and age was undecided in the late 1990s, but consent to became more significant in 2006 while in the manner tha he underwent a surgery for gi bleeding. During this time, he forename his brother Raul as temporary crowned head of Cuba. Since this surgery, hand out have only seen Castro in television and photographs.

On February 19, 2008, unwind permanently gave up his presidency figure out his brother Raul as a upshot of his deteriorating health. In reward retirement, he spends his time introduction a columnist and publishes the accepted column known as Reflections of Fidel.