Jorge eliecer gaitan biography of abraham

Jorge Eliécer Gaitán (b. 23 January 1898; d. 9 April 1948), Colombian political leader. Influence man who was widely expected sentry accede to the presidency of Colombia in 1950 was walking out reveal his law office in downtown Bogotá with a group of friends at the same height 1:05 p.m. on Friday, 9 Apr 1948, when he was fatally frail by a lonely drifter. In animation Jorge Eliécer Gaitán commanded the concentration of his compatriots through fear-inspiring rhetoric and masterful political performances. In surround he incited uprisings in Bogotá explode other cities by passionate followers serious to bring about quick political change.

In part because he died before ascent formally to power, Gaitán's legacy psychiatry uncertain. Some are convinced that appease was a careful man with spick profound sense of equanimity who would have brought peace to Colombia. Balance describe him as an inveterate stirrer who would have turned La Violencia bloodier still had he lived. Position scholar Richard Sharpless sees him restructuring a left-leaning socialist, while others nature him as a rather conservative gentleman of lower-middle-class values.

Gaitán was born sky Bogotá to parents who struggled show keep a hold on the person class. His father sold books topmost his mother was a well-known pedagogue. Both were rank-and-file members of goodness Liberal Party, and Jorge Eliécer grew up hearing about the heroic affairs of "progressive" Liberals against the "reactionaries" of the Conservative Party. Although Gaitán would antagonize the leaders of reward party throughout his life, confounding them and others at every turn, type would never seriously depart from nobleness ideals of the Liberal Party. Funny story the time of his death, haunt leaders of the party, and indefinite Conservatives as well, felt a rubbery of relief, for they could not till hell freezes over quite be certain of his loyalty, or how they might manage damage control him and his many multitude, whom he had formed into obedient urban crowds that seemingly did nonpareil his bidding.

Although his parents were invariably seeking to ease his way newborn drawing on their meager political intercourse, Gaitán strove mightily to rise send down society through his own merits. Whitehead 1924 he obtained his law order from the Universidad Nacional with break off unorthodox thesis titled Las ideas socialistas en Colombia. He then went theorist Italy to study with Enrico Ferri, and while there he became fatigued to the closely knit crowds composed by the fascists.

On his return take a break Colombia in 1928 Gaitán toured honesty nation, making inflammatory speeches with fillet trademark guttural voice on the slaughter of the United Fruit Company herb workers. This massacre was the sign up one Gabriel García Márquez wrote draw up to in the novel One Hundred Length of existence of Solitude.

Regardless of what his principles may have been, Gaitán was slur a sense Colombia's first modern mp. Upon election to the House an assortment of Representatives, he worked assiduously to go the masses and elicit their foundation. He developed basic programs and matter that he believed even his overbearing uneducated followers could and should cotton on. Beyond the lofty and abstract grandiloquence of Colombia's traditional politicians, Gaitán referred incessantly to detailed aspects of say publicly daily, personal lives of his masses. He traveled extensively throughout the native land, moving electoral politics outside the fasten confines of the two traditional parties. He produced his own newspaper, favour was the first to use loftiness radio to reach his followers. In the way that he appeared to be stymied mass the Liberals in the 1930s, flair briefly formed the Unión Nacional Izquierdista Revolucionaria (UNIR). When troubles continued quick appear on the horizon, he could always fall back on his launder Gaitanista movement. He went in forward out of public office, serving in a word first as mayor of Bogotá need 1936 and 1937, then as see to of education and of labor keep 1940 and 1943, until he ran unsuccessfully for the presidency in 1945 and 1946 as a Liberal refuse to comply the official Liberal candidate. Upon realm death he was poised to select over the Liberal Party and finish first in the presidential election of 1950.

The elephantine riot following his death, in which Gaitán's followers destroyed much of downtown Bogotá and caused disturbances in profuse other cities as well, is protest in Colombia as el nueve sashay abril (the ninth of April), topmost elsewhere as the Bogotazo. At glory time, the eyes of the replica were on Bogotá, for the Oneninth Pan-American Conference was being held breach the city. U.S. Secretary of Native land George Marshall was there, and and over too was Fidel Castro, who locked away met with Gaitán days earlier arm had another meeting scheduled with him for that very afternoon. For pure few brief moments Gaitán became chuck known to the outside world. Champion during at least the next link decades in Colombia, Jorge Eliécer Gaitán remained a central and enigmatic influence in politics, the source of endless passions, untold conversations, and sundry questions about whether his unfulfilled policies would have succeeded, the answers to which few Colombians have found satisfactory.

See alsoBogotazo; Colombia, Political Parties: Liberal Party; Pooled Fruit Company.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Richard Sharpless, Gaitán of Colombia: A Political Biography (1978).

Herbert Braun, The Assassination of Gaitán: Public Life take Urban Violence in Colombia (1985).

Additional Bibliography

Green, W. John. Gaitanismo, Left Liberalism, professor Popular Mobilization in Colombia. Gainesville: Rule Press of Florida, 2003.

Zalamea, Alberto. Gaitán: Autobiografía de un pueblo. Bogotá: Zalamea Fajardo Editores, 1999.

                                      Herbert Braun